Circular stapling device with anvil rotation locking structure

ABSTRACT

A circular stapling device includes an anvil assembly and an adaptor assembly including a shell assembly. The adaptor assembly includes an anvil retainer including an asymmetric tip. The anvil assembly has a center rod, an anvil head supported on the center rod, and an alignment member. The center rod has a proximal portion and a distal portion and defines a channel that extends from the proximal portion to the distal portion. The alignment member is positioned within the channel and is configured to engage the asymmetric trocar tip of the anvil retainer of the adaptor when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer to properly align the anvil assembly with the shell assembly.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/741,319 filed Oct. 4, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Description

The present disclosure is directed to a circular stapling device, and more particularly, to a circular stapling device with structure to maintain rotational alignment between an anvil assembly and a shell assembly of the circular stapling device when the anvil assembly is attached to the circular stapling device.

2. Background of Related Art

Conventional circular stapling devices include a shell assembly having a circular staple cartridge and an anvil assembly having a circular anvil head. The circular staple cartridge includes a body defining a plurality of staple receiving pockets that receive staples. The circular anvil head defines staple deforming recesses that receive the staples during firing of the circular stapling device to form the staples. When the circular stapling device is fired, the staple receiving pockets of the staple cartridge must be properly aligned with the staple deforming recesses of the anvil head to properly form the staples within tissue.

Typically, the anvil assembly includes a center rod that supports the anvil head and the shell assembly includes a housing that defines an inner bore that receives the center rod when the anvil assembly and the shell assembly are approximated. In order to provide proper alignment between the anvil head and the staple cartridge, the center rod of the anvil assembly and the inner bore of the housing of the shell assembly include splines that mesh to cam and rotate the anvil head into alignment with staple cartridge.

In certain instances, the splines on the center rod of the anvil assembly crash head on into the splines on the housing of the shell assembly. When this occurs, the anvil head may not be properly aligned with the staple cartridge during firing of the circular stapling device. This may result in malformed staples which may result in ineffective sealing of tissue.

Accordingly, a continuing need exists in the stapling arts for a circular stapling device including improved structure to properly align the anvil with the staple cartridge to improve staple formation and operation of the stapling device.

SUMMARY

One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a circular stapling device including an adaptor assembly and an anvil assembly. The adaptor assembly includes an elongate body, a shell assembly, and an anvil retainer. The anvil retainer includes a trocar having an asymmetric trocar tip. The shell assembly is supported on a distal portion of the elongate body and includes a staple cartridge and a housing. The staple cartridge includes a body supported on the housing defining an annular array of staple receiving pockets. The anvil assembly has a center rod, an anvil head, and an alignment member. The center rod has a proximal portion and a distal portion and a channel that extends from the proximal portion to the distal portion. The anvil head has an annular array of staple deforming pockets. The alignment member is positioned within the channel and is configured to engage the asymmetric trocar tip of the anvil retainer when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer to rotate the anvil assembly in relation to the trocar and move the annular array of staple receiving pockets into alignment with the annular array of staple deforming pockets.

Another aspect of the disclosure is directed to an anvil assembly including a center rod, and anvil head and an alignment member. The center rod has a proximal portion and a distal portion and defines a channel that extends from the proximal portion to the distal portion. The anvil head has an annular array of staple deforming pockets. The alignment member is positioned within the channel and is configured to engage an anvil retainer of a circular stapling device when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer to rotate the annular array of staple deforming pockets into alignment with the circular stapling device.

In embodiments, the stapling device includes a handle assembly that supports a proximal portion of the elongate body.

In some embodiments, the alignment member includes a distal face and a plurality of protrusions that are spaced about the distal face.

In certain embodiments, the protrusions define recesses there between, wherein the recesses are configured to receive the trocar tip of the anvil retainer when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer.

In embodiments, each of the protrusions has a triangular configuration and includes a side wall that defines in part one of the recesses.

In some embodiments, the side wall is angled and is positioned to engage the trocar tip as the trocar tip is advanced into the channel such that continued advancement of the trocar tip into the channel after the trocar tip engages the angled side wall causes the alignment member and the anvil assembly to rotate in relation to the trocar to move the annular array of staple receiving pockets into alignment with the annular array of staple deforming pockets.

In certain embodiments, the alignment member includes a distal face having a plurality of concavities that are spaced about the distal face.

In embodiments, each of the concavities has a spherical configuration.

In some embodiments, the trocar tip has a spherical configuration.

In certain embodiments, the proximal portion of the center rod includes a plurality of resilient fingers, wherein each of the resilient fingers has an inner surface that defines a portion of the channel.

In embodiments, each of the resilient fingers includes a rib and the trocar defines a recess, wherein the rib of each of the resilient fingers is received within the recess of the trocar to releasably secure the anvil assembly to the trocar.

In some embodiments, the housing includes an inner housing portion defining a bore that is configured to receive the center rod and the center rod supports at least one first spline. In certain embodiments, the inner housing portion includes a plurality of second splines extending into the bore that define channels there between, wherein the at least one first spline is positioned to be received in the channels of the inner housing portion.

In embodiments, the alignment member is positioned to rotate the anvil assembly in relation to the trocar to move the at least one first spline into alignment with one of the channels defines between the plurality of second splines.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the presently disclosed circular stapling device are described herein below with reference to the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed circular stapling device with the anvil in an unapproximated position;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the area of detail shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side perspective view of a distal portion of the adaptor and the anvil assembly of the circular stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with parts separated;

FIG. 4 is a side perspective view of the distal portion of the adaptor and the anvil assembly of the circular stapling device shown in FIG. 3 with parts separated with the trocar of the adaptor shown in phantom;

FIG. 5 is a side perspective view of a proximal portion of a center rod of the anvil assembly, an alignment member, and the trocar of the adaptor assembly of the circular stapling device shown in FIG. 4 with parts separated;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the trocar of the adaptor shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the trocar shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a side perspective view from the distal end of the trocar shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a side perspective view from the distal end of the alignment member shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a side perspective view of the proximal portion of the center rod, the alignment member, and the trocar of the circular stapling device shown in FIG. 5 assembled with the trocar shown in phantom;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines 13-13 of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a view from the proximal end of another embodiment of the alignment member of the presently disclosed circular stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a side view of the alignment member shown in FIG. 1; and

FIG. 16 is a side view of the alignment member shown in FIG. 15 engaged with the trocar of the adaptor shown in FIG. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The presently disclosed circular stapling device will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. However, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the disclosure and may be embodied in various forms. Well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure in unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.

In this description, the term “proximal” is used generally to refer to that portion of the device that is closer to a clinician, while the term “distal” is used generally to refer to that portion of the device that is farther from the clinician. In addition, the term “endoscopic” is used generally used to refer to endoscopic, laparoscopic, arthroscopic, and/or any other procedure conducted through small diameter incision or cannula. Further, the term “clinician” is used generally to refer to medical personnel including doctors, nurses, and support personnel.

FIG. 1 illustrates a circular stapling device shown generally as stapling device 10. The stapling device 10 includes a handle assembly 12, an elongate body or adaptor assembly 14, and an anvil assembly 16. The adaptor assembly 14 includes an elongate body 17, a shell assembly 18, and an anvil retainer 22 that is configured to releasably support the anvil assembly 16. The shell assembly 18 has a proximal portion supported on a distal portion of the elongate body 17 and a distal portion that supports a staple cartridge 20. The staple cartridge 20 defines a plurality of annular rows of staple receiving pockets 24. Each of the staple receiving pockets 24 receives a staple (not shown) such that the staple cartridge 20 supports annular rows of staples.

The handle assembly 12 is illustrated as a powered assembly and includes a stationary grip 30 and actuation buttons 32 for controlling operation of stapling device functions including approximation of the anvil and shell assemblies 16, 18, respectively, and firing of staples (not shown) from the staple cartridge 20 of the shell assembly 18. The adaptor assembly 14 is coupled to the handle assembly 12 to translate power from the handle assembly 12 to the anvil and shell assemblies 16, 18. Although the present disclosure illustrates powered handle and adaptor assemblies 12, 14, respectively, it is envisioned that the advantages of the present disclosure as described in detail below are also applicable to circular stapling devices having manually operated handle and adaptor assemblies. U.S. Pat. No. 7,303,106 (“the '106 patent”) discloses an example of a surgical stapling device including a manually actuated handle assembly and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. Pat. No. 9,023,014 (“the '014 patent”) and U.S. Pat. No. 9,055,943 (“the '943 patent”) disclose examples of surgical stapling devices including exemplary powered handle assemblies. Each of these patents is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Referring to FIGS. 2-5, the anvil assembly 16 includes an anvil head 40 and an anvil center rod 42 having a proximal portion 42 a and a distal portion 42 b. The distal portion 42 b of the anvil center rod 42 is coupled to the anvil head 40. The proximal portion 42 a of the center rod 42 includes a plurality of resilient fingers 44. The distal portion 42 b and the resilient fingers 44 of the anvil center rod 42 define a central channel 46 (FIG. 5) that is dimensioned to receive the anvil retainer 22 of the adaptor assembly 14 as described in further detail below. Each of the resilient fingers 44 includes an inner surface that defines a rib 48 (FIG. 5). The ribs 48 of the resilient fingers 44 together define an annular engagement surface that is positioned to engage the anvil retainer 22 to releasably secure the anvil assembly 16 to the anvil retainer 22. The anvil center rod 42 also supports one or more splines 50 that are positioned between the anvil head 40 and the resilient fingers 44. The splines 50 function to maintain alignment between the anvil assembly 16 and the shell assembly 18 after the anvil and shell assemblies 16, 18 are approximated to facilitate proper formation of staples when the stapling device 10 (FIG. 1) is approximated and fired as described in further detail below.

The anvil head 40 supports a circular anvil 41 (FIG. 4) that defines a plurality of annular rows of staple deforming recesses 41 a. Each of the staple deforming recesses 41 a is configured to receive the legs of a respective staple (not shown) to properly form the staples into a desired configuration, e.g., B-shape. In order to accomplish this function, the staple deforming recesses 41 a must be properly aligned with the staple receiving pockets 24 of the staple cartridge 20 to receive the legs of the staples.

Referring to FIG. 5, the shell assembly 18 includes a housing 26 having an inner housing portion 26 a defining a bore 28 that receives the anvil retainer 22 as the anvil retainer 22 is translated between approximated and unapproximated positions. The inner housing portion 26 a includes splines 34 that define channels between adjacent splines 34. The channels defined between the splines 34 receive the splines 50 of the center rod 42 of the anvil assembly 16 to maintain alignment between the anvil assembly 16 and the shell assembly 18 during approximation and firing of the stapling device 10. For a more detailed description of the approximation assembly of the stapling device 10, see, e.g., the '106, '014, and '943 patents which are incorporated herein by reference.

Although not described in detail herein, the anvil head 40 can be mounted to the anvil center rod 42 in a pivotal manner to facilitate pivotal movement of the anvil head 40 in relation to the anvil center rod 42 between operative and inoperative (tilted) positions. Alternately, the anvil head 40 can be fixedly secured to the anvil center rod 42 in the operative position.

Referring also to FIGS. 5-8, in embodiments, the anvil retainer 22 includes a trocar 52 having a body 54 defining a longitudinal axis “X”. The body 54 is connected to an approximation assembly (not shown) supported within the adaptor assembly 14 (FIG. 1). For a more detailed description of the approximation assembly of the adaptor assembly 14, see, e.g., the '014 and '943 patents which are incorporated herein by reference. The body 54 defines an annular recess 56 that is defined in part by a shoulder 58, and a tapered body portion 60 (FIG. 6) that is positioned immediately distal to the annular recess 56. The tapered body portion 60 of the body 54 of the trocar 52 has a diameter that increases in a proximal direction along a length of the trocar 52. The shoulder 58 is positioned on the trocar 52 to engage the ribs 48 on the resilient fingers 44 of the anvil center rod 42 to releasably secure the trocar 52 to the anvil center rod 42. More specifically, when the trocar 52 is inserted into the channel 46 of the anvil center rod 42 (FIG. 11), the resilient fingers 44 of the anvil center rod 42 engage the tapered body portion 60 of the trocar 52 and are flexed outwardly as the trocar 52 is advanced into the channel 46. When the ribs 48 of the resilient fingers 44 pass proximally over the shoulder 58 of the trocar 52, the resilient fingers 44 snap inwardly to position the ribs 48 in engagement with the shoulder 58 of the trocar 52 to releasably secure the anvil center rod 42 about the trocar 52. The annular recess 56 extends entirely about the center rod 42. As such, receipt of the ribs 48 within the recess 56 does not prohibit rotation of the anvil assembly 16 in relation to the trocar 52.

The body 54 of the trocar 52 includes a distal tapered trocar portion 62 including a trocar tip 64. In embodiments, the tapered trocar portion 62 is asymmetric such that the trocar tip 64 is positioned at a location offset from the longitudinal axis “X”. In embodiments, the trocar tip 64 is rounded or blunt. Alternately, the trocar tip 64 can have a sharper configuration to more effectively pierce tissue.

Referring to FIGS. 5, 9, and 10, an alignment member 70 is fixedly supported in the channel 46 (FIG. 5) in the distal portion 42 b of the anvil center rod 42. The alignment member 70 includes a plurality of protrusions 72 that are spaced apart about a distal face of the alignment member 70. The protrusions 72 define valleys or recesses 74 between each of the adjacent protrusions 72. In embodiments, the protrusions 72 have a triangular configuration and include angled walls 76 that are positioned to engage the trocar tip 64 of the trocar 52 when the anvil assembly 16 is received on the trocar 52. Alternately, it is envisioned that the protrusions 72 may have a variety of configurations to achieve the objectives summarized below.

Referring also to FIGS. 11-13, the alignment member 70 is positioned within the channel 46 in the distal portion 42 b of the center rod 42. In embodiments, the alignment member 70 includes an insert that is secured within the channel 46 by welding or the like. Alternately, the alignment member 70 can be integrally formed with the center rod 42 or secured within the channel 46 of the center rod 42 using any of a variety of known fastening techniques.

When the trocar 52 is advanced into the channel 46 of the anvil center rod 42 to couple the anvil assembly 16 to the anvil retainer 22, the trocar tip 64 is dimensioned to engage the protrusions 72 of the alignment member 70 as the anvil assembly 16 is coupled to the trocar 52. When the trocar tip 64 engages one of the angled walls 76 of a respective one of the protrusions 72, continued advancement of the trocar 22 into the channel 46 of the center rod 42 cams the alignment member 70 into rotation about the longitudinal axis “X” of the trocar 52. Since the alignment member 70 is fixed within the channel 46 of the center rod 42 of the anvil assembly 16, rotation of the alignment member 70 causes the anvil assembly 16 to rotate in relation to the trocar 52 to position the anvil assembly 16 in proper alignment with the shell assembly 18. In this position, the splines 50 on the center rod 42 and the splines 34 on the inner housing portion 26 of the housing 26 of the shell assembly 18 are positioned to mesh without crashing. When the trocar tip 52 bottoms out in one of the recesses 74 of the alignment member 70, the trocar tip 64 is dimensioned to engage adjacent protrusions 72 in a manner to prevent further rotation of the anvil assembly 16 about the trocar 52 (FIG. 12).

FIGS. 14-16 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of an alignment member of the presently disclosed circular stapling device 10 (FIG. 1) shown generally as alignment member 170. The alignment member 170 includes a distal face that defines a circular array of recesses or concavities 172. Each of the concavities 172 have a configuration that corresponds to the shape of the trocar tip 64. In use, when the trocar tip 64 is received within one of the concavities 172, engagement between the trocar tip 64 and side walls defining the concavity 172 will cam the alignment member 170 into rotation about the trocar 52 to move the anvil assembly 16 (FIG. 2) into alignment with the staple cartridge 20 of the shell assembly 18. When the trocar tip 64 bottoms out within a respective protrusion 172 of the alignment member 170, engagement between the trocar tip 64 and the alignment member 170 prevents further rotation of the alignment member 170 in relation to the trocar 52 and, thus prevents further rotation of the anvil assembly 16 in relation to the staple cartridge 20 of the shell assembly 18.

As discussed above in regard to the alignment member 70 (FIG. 5), the alignment member 170 can be formed integrally with the center rod 42 of the anvil assembly 16, or, in the alternative, separately as an insert that is positioned within the channel 46 (FIG. 5) in the distal portion 42 b of the center rod 42 and subsequently secured to the center rod 42. In embodiments, the concavities 172 in the alignment member 170 are substantially spherical in shape. Alternately, it is envisioned that the concavities 172 may assume a variety of different configurations. In embodiments, the trocar tip 64 and the concavities 172 each have a substantially spherical configuration.

Although the presently disclosed circular stapling device is shown to include both splines 34, 50 on the shell and anvil assemblies 18, 16 and an alignment member 70, 170, it is envisioned that the circular stapling device need only include the alignment member 70, 170 and the asymmetric trocar 52 to effect and maintain alignment between the anvil assembly 16 and the staple cartridge 20 of the shell assembly 18.

Persons skilled in the art will understand that the devices and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments. It is envisioned that the elements and features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary embodiment may be combined with the elements and features of another without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. As well, one skilled in the art will appreciate further features and advantages of the disclosure based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the disclosure is not to be limited by what has been particularly shown and described, except as indicated by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A circular stapling device comprising: an adaptor assembly including an elongate body, a shell assembly and an anvil retainer, the anvil retainer including a trocar having an asymmetric trocar tip, the shell assembly supported on a distal portion of the elongate body and including a staple cartridge and a housing, the staple cartridge having a body supported on the housing, the body defining an annular array of staple receiving pockets; an anvil assembly having a center rod, an anvil head, and an alignment member, the center rod having a proximal portion and a distal portion and defining a channel that extends from the proximal portion to the distal portion, the anvil head having an annular array of staple deforming pockets, the alignment member being positioned within the channel and configured to engage the asymmetric trocar tip of the anvil retainer when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer to rotate the anvil assembly in relation to the trocar and move the annular array of staple receiving pockets into alignment with the annular array of staple deforming pockets.
 2. The circular stapling device of claim 1, further including a handle assembly, the handle assembly supporting a proximal portion of the elongate body.
 3. The circular stapling device of claim 1, wherein the alignment member includes a distal face and a plurality of protrusions that are spaced about the distal face.
 4. The circular stapling device of claim 3, wherein the protrusions define recesses there between, the recesses being configured to receive the trocar tip of the anvil retainer when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer.
 5. The circular stapling device of claim 4, wherein each of the protrusions has a triangular configuration and includes a side wall that defines in part one of the recesses.
 6. The circular stapling device of claim 5, wherein the side wall is angled and is positioned to engage the trocar tip as the trocar tip is advanced into the channel such that continued advancement of the trocar tip into the channel after the trocar tip engages the angled side wall causes the alignment member and the anvil assembly to rotate in relation to the trocar to move the annular array of staple receiving pockets into alignment with the annular array of staple deforming pockets.
 7. The circular stapling device of claim 5, wherein the alignment member includes a distal face having a plurality of concavities that are spaced about the distal face.
 8. The circular stapling device of claim 7, wherein each of the concavities has a spherical configuration.
 9. The circular stapling device of claim 7, wherein the trocar tip has a spherical configuration.
 10. The circular stapling device of claim 7, wherein the proximal portion of the center rod includes a plurality of resilient fingers, each of the resilient fingers having an inner surface that defines a portion of the channel.
 11. The circular stapling device of claim 10, wherein each of the resilient fingers includes a rib and the trocar defines a recess, the rib of each of the resilient fingers being received within the recess of the trocar to releasably secure the anvil assembly to the trocar.
 12. The circular stapling device of claim 11, wherein the housing includes an inner housing portion defining a bore, the bore being configured to receive the center rod, the center rod supporting at least one first spline and the inner housing portion including a plurality of second splines extending into the bore, the plurality of second splines defining channels there between, wherein the at least one first spline is positioned to be received in the channels of the inner housing portion.
 13. The circular stapling device of claim 12, wherein, the alignment member is positioned to rotate the anvil assembly in relation to the trocar to move the at least one first spline into alignment with one of the channels defined between the plurality of second splines.
 14. An anvil assembly comprising: a center rod having a proximal portion and a distal portion and defining a channel that extends from the proximal portion to the distal portion, an anvil head having an annular array of staple deforming pockets, and an alignment member positioned within the channel and being configured to engage an anvil retainer of a circular stapling device when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer to rotate the annular array of staple deforming pockets into alignment with the circular stapling device.
 15. The anvil assembly of claim 14, wherein the alignment member includes a distal face and includes a plurality of protrusions that are spaced about the distal face.
 16. The anvil assembly of claim 15, wherein the protrusions define recesses there between, the recesses being configured to receive the anvil retainer when the anvil assembly is attached to the anvil retainer.
 17. The anvil assembly of claim 16, wherein each of the protrusions has a triangular configuration and includes a side wall that defines in part one of the recesses.
 18. The anvil assembly of claim 5, wherein the side wall of each of the protrusions is angled and is positioned to engage the anvil retainer.
 19. The anvil assembly of claim 14, wherein the alignment member includes a distal face having a plurality of concavities that are spaced about the distal face.
 20. The anvil assembly of claim 19, wherein each of the concavities has a spherical configuration. 